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Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule

Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule

 

Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule
Image Number: 136-104
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Title: Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule
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Image Description:  Normal structure of the glomerulus, a small cluster of capillaries, snclosed in Bowman's capsule at the beginning of each urinary tuble in the kidney. nephron

© Jackie Heda
Portfolio
Artist/Company Bio:
Jackie Heda is a board certified member of the Association of Medical Illustrators, has been creating art for science and the healthcare industry for 26 years, and has had her own successful business for the past 24 years.
She is actively involved in the AMI, served on the Board of Governors and currently Co-Chair of the Medical Illustration Source Book Editorial Committee. Jackie earned a Bachelor of Science in biology at Emory University and a Bachelor of Science in Art as Applied to Medicine from the University of Toronto. She has received numerous awards for editorial and advertising art.
From her home-based studio in Charlotte, NC, Jackie provides her services to major medical journals, textbook publishers, pharmaceutical companies, and consumer publications. Her illustrations appear in the publication, Harvard Medical School Family Health Guide (Simon & Schuster, 1999). Jackie art directed and illustrated the 24 page full color section in this book, which was featured on NBC's Today show and was listed as one of the top ten medical books for 1999.

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Additional Related Images to:
Glomerulus and Bowmans capsule


  View Image #136-104 Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule #136-104  
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Normal structure of the glomerulus, a small cluster of capillaries, snclosed in Bowman's capsule at the beginning of each urinary tuble in the kidney. nephron


  View Image #118-057 Kidney: Glomerulus #118-057  
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Kidney: Glomerulus Function - Specialized cells of the kidney and glomerulus. Shows red blood cells moving through the filtration system of the kidney. Includes loop of Henle, juxtaglomerular cells, Bowman's capsule, membranes and podocytes.


  View Image #118-108 Glomerulus, Loop of Henle, Kidney #118-108  
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Glomerulus, Loop of Henle, Kidney. The kidneys are "bean-shaped" organs, and have a concave side facing inwards (medially). On this medial aspect of each kidney is an opening, called the hilum, which admits the renal artery, the renal vein, nerves, and the ureter. The outer portion of the kidney is called the renal cortex, which sits directly beneath the kidney's loose connective tissue/fibrous capsule. Deep to the cortex lies the renal medulla, which is divided into 10-20 renal pyramids in humans. Each pyramid together with the associated overlying cortex forms a renal lobe. The tip of each pyramid (called a papilla) empties into a calyx, and the calices empty into the renal pelvis. The pelvis transmits urine to the urinary bladder via the ureter. People are born with two kidneys but are able to live with only one. Each kidney receives its blood supply from the renal artery, two of which branch from the abdominal aorta. Upon entering the hilum of the kidney, the renal artery divides into smaller interlobar arteries situated between the renal papillae. At the outer medulla, the interlobar arteries branch into arcuate arteries, which course along the border between the renal medulla and cortex, giving off still smaller branches, the cortical radial arteries (sometimes called interlobular arteries). Branching off these cortical arteries are the afferent arterioles supplying the glomerular capillaries, which drain into efferent arterioles. Efferent arterioles divide into peritubular capillaries that provide an extensive blood supply to the cortex. Blood from these capillaries collects in renal venules and leaves the kidney via the renal vein. Efferent arterioles of glomeruli closest to the medulla (those that belong to juxtamedullary nephrons) send branches into the medulla, forming the vasa recta. Blood supply is intimately linked to blood pressure. The basic functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, of which there are more than a million within the cortex and medulla of each normal adult human kidney. Nephrons regulate water and solute within the cortex and medulla of each normal adult human kidney. Nephrons regulate water and soluble matter (especially electrolytes) in the body by first filtering the blood under pressure, and then reabsorbing some necessary fluid and molecules back into the blood while secreting other, unneeded molecules. Reabsorption and secretion are accomplished with both cotransport and countertransport mechanisms established in the nephrons and associated collecting ducts. The fluid flows from the nephron into the collecting duct system. This segment of the nephron is crucial to the process of water conservation by the organism.


  View Image #118-105 Kidney, Anatomy With Glomerulus #118-105  
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Kidney, Anatomy With Glomerulus. Parenchyma, the solid part of the kidney, where the process of waste excretion takes place. Cortex—the outer layer of the parenchyma consisting of connective tissue. Glomeruli—convoluted tubules where filtration is performed. Medulla—area of the kidney where filtration and concentration of wastes takes place, Henle’s loops, pyramids of converging tubules. Nephron—basic functional unit of kidney. Calyx (plural calyces)—collecting area for urine within kidney before it is passed through to renal pelvis. Capsule—dense fibrous covering of kidney. Pelvis—central collecting system of kidney. Hilum—area of convergence of the renal collecting system, ureter, renal artery and vein. Ureteropelvic junction—point at which the renal pelvis becomes the ureter. Gerota’s fascia—layer of connective tissue between the kidneys and the psoas muscles and the lumbar spine. Perinephric fat—layer of fat surrounding kidney outside of capsule. Perihilar fat—layer of fat in the area of the renal hilum.


  View Image #103-372 Renin Release by Kidney Glomerulus #103-372  
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Afferent arteries from the glomerulus release renin, an enzyme that acts on circulating angiotensinogen to form angiotensin I. ACE enzyme in the vascular endothelium converts AI to angiotensin II.

 
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